DialectGuessr

US dialect atlas

Frosting or Icing?

Frosting leads 27 states and icing 11, mostly southern. The rest answer that the two are different things — icing thinner, frosting whipped — which is the only question in the survey where the commonest answer is a distinction rather than a word.

Alaska: frosting 37%, icing 8.7% — led by an answer not listed hereAKMaine: frosting 46%, icing 5%MEVermont: frosting 48.7%, icing 4%VTNew Hampshire: frosting 49.6%, icing 6.3%NHWashington: frosting 51.4%, icing 3.5%WAIdaho: frosting 53.7%, icing 4.5%IDMontana: frosting 64.6%, icing 0.7%MTNorth Dakota: frosting 59.7%, icing 3.5%NDMinnesota: frosting 54.2%, icing 2.9%MNIllinois: frosting 41.6%, icing 11.1%ILWisconsin: frosting 59.5%, icing 3.7%WIMichigan: frosting 49.8%, icing 5.7%MINew York: frosting 32.5%, icing 19.5%NYRhode Island: frosting 55.1%, icing 2%RIMassachusetts: frosting 54.6%, icing 4.1%MAOregon: frosting 46.2%, icing 4.4%ORNevada: frosting 32.8%, icing 4.7% — led by an answer not listed hereNVWyoming: frosting 50%, icing 8.8%WYSouth Dakota: frosting 63.8%, icing 1.9%SDIowa: frosting 57.5%, icing 2.5%IAIndiana: icing 30.2%, frosting 24% — led by an answer not listed hereINOhio: frosting 29.3%, icing 23.8% — led by an answer not listed hereOHPennsylvania: icing 50.1%, frosting 11.6%PANew Jersey: icing 29.1%, frosting 21.6% — led by an answer not listed hereNJConnecticut: frosting 52.3%, icing 6.8%CTCalifornia: frosting 38.5%, icing 7.7%CAUtah: frosting 46.6%, icing 6.2%UTColorado: frosting 37.8%, icing 9.3%CONebraska: frosting 48.5%, icing 1.8%NEMissouri: icing 33%, frosting 20%MOKentucky: icing 43.1%, frosting 13.5%KYWest Virginia: icing 46.7%, frosting 9.2%WVVirginia: icing 27.4%, frosting 19.3% — led by an answer not listed hereVAMaryland: icing 29.4%, frosting 20.2% — led by an answer not listed hereMDDelaware: icing 34.1%, frosting 13.6% — led by an answer not listed hereDEArizona: frosting 35.9%, icing 11.1%AZNew Mexico: frosting 29.2%, icing 15% — led by an answer not listed hereNMKansas: frosting 34.1%, icing 17.8%KSArkansas: icing 38.4%, frosting 17.3%ARTennessee: icing 38.9%, frosting 15.1%TNNorth Carolina: icing 31.8%, frosting 17.4% — led by an answer not listed hereNCSouth Carolina: icing 36.5%, frosting 17.5%SCWashington, D.C.: frosting 30.5%, icing 22%DCOklahoma: icing 30.9%, frosting 20.6% — led by an answer not listed hereOKLouisiana: icing 50.3%, frosting 8.9%LAMississippi: icing 36.8%, frosting 15.8%MSAlabama: icing 40.5%, frosting 17.2%ALGeorgia: icing 33.1%, frosting 19%GAHawaii: frosting 37.5%, icing 5.4%HITexas: icing 31.4%, frosting 17.5% — led by an answer not listed hereTXFlorida: frosting 22.9%, icing 21.8% — led by an answer not listed hereFL
Each square is one state, placed roughly where it sits on the map and coloured by the answer that leads there. Survey question: “Do you say "frosting" or "icing" for the sweet spread one puts on a cake?

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State by state

Share of respondents in each state giving each answer. Percentages do not sum to 100: the survey offered answers this map does not name, and they are left out rather than folded into one of the three.

Frosting or Icing?Harvard Dialect Survey.
Statefrostingicing
Alabama17.2%40.5%
Alaska37%8.7%
Arizona35.9%11.1%
Arkansas17.3%38.4%
California38.5%7.7%
Colorado37.8%9.3%
Connecticut52.3%6.8%
Delaware13.6%34.1%
Florida22.9%21.8%
Georgia19%33.1%
Hawaii37.5%5.4%
Idaho53.7%4.5%
Illinois41.6%11.1%
Indiana24%30.2%
Iowa57.5%2.5%
Kansas34.1%17.8%
Kentucky13.5%43.1%
Louisiana8.9%50.3%
Maine46%5%
Maryland20.2%29.4%
Massachusetts54.6%4.1%
Michigan49.8%5.7%
Minnesota54.2%2.9%
Mississippi15.8%36.8%
Missouri20%33%
Montana64.6%0.7%
Nebraska48.5%1.8%
Nevada32.8%4.7%
New Hampshire49.6%6.3%
New Jersey21.6%29.1%
New Mexico29.2%15%
New York32.5%19.5%
North Carolina17.4%31.8%
North Dakota59.7%3.5%
Ohio29.3%23.8%
Oklahoma20.6%30.9%
Oregon46.2%4.4%
Pennsylvania11.6%50.1%
Rhode Island55.1%2%
South Carolina17.5%36.5%
South Dakota63.8%1.9%
Tennessee15.1%38.9%
Texas17.5%31.4%
Utah46.6%6.2%
Vermont48.7%4%
Virginia19.3%27.4%
Washington51.4%3.5%
Washington, D.C.30.5%22%
West Virginia9.2%46.7%
Wisconsin59.5%3.7%
Wyoming50%8.8%

Where this data comes from

The map above is drawn from the Harvard Dialect Survey, collected by Bert Vaux and Scott Golder in 2002–2003. It asked 122 questions and recorded, for each one, the share of respondents in every US state who gave each answer. It is a large self-selected sample rather than a census, and it is now two decades old — treat it as a well-supported picture of how people spoke then, not a measurement of today.

Data used under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 licence: attribution and share-alike, non-commercial. DialectGuessr’s own survey data is separate and is described on the about page.

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